Γλωσσάρι Δικτυακών Ορολογιών
Προβολή του λεξικού χρησιμοποιώντας αυτό το ευρετήριο
Ειδικά | Α | Β | Γ | Δ | Ε | Ζ | Η | Θ | Ι | Κ | Λ | Μ | Ν | Ξ | Ο | Π | Ρ | Σ | Τ | Υ | Φ | Χ | Ψ | Ω |
A |
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ACKNotification sent from one network device to
another to acknowledge that some event (for example, receipt of a message) has occurred. | |
address maskBit combination used to describe which portion of
an address refers to the network or subnet and which part refers to the host. Sometimes
referred to simply as mask. See also subnet mask.
| |
ARPAddress Resolution Protocol.
Internet protocol used to map an IP address to a MAC address. Defined in RFC 826. | |
ARPAAdvanced Research Projects Agency.
Research and development organization that is part of DoD. ARPA is responsible for
numerous technological advances in communications and networking. ARPA evolved into DARPA,
and then back into ARPA again (in 1994). | |
ARPANETAdvanced Research Projects Agency Network.
Landmark packet-switching network established in 1969. ARPANET was developed in the 1970s
by BBN and funded by ARPA (and later DARPA). It eventually evolved into the Internet. The
term ARPANET was officially retired in 1990. | |
ATDMAsynchronous time-division multiplexing.
Method of sending information that resembles normal TDM, except that time slots are
allocated as needed rather than preassigned to specific transmitters. |
ATMAsynchronous Transfer Mode.
International standard for cell relay in which multiple service types (such as voice,
video, or data) are conveyed in fixed-length (53-byte) cells. Fixed-length cells allow
cell processing to occur in hardware, thereby reducing transit delays. ATM is designed to
take advantage of high-speed transmission media such as E3, SONET, and T3. |
ATPAppleTalk Transaction Protocol.
Transport-level protocol that allows reliable request-response exchanges between two
socket clients. | |
AUIAttachment unit interface. IEEE
802.3 interface between an MAU and a NIC (network interface card). The term AUI can also
refer to the rear panel port to which an AUI cable might attach, such as those found on a
Cisco LightStream Ethernet access card. Also called transceiver cable. | |
B |
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backboneThe part of a network that acts as the
primary path for traffic that is most often sourced from, and
destined for, other networks. | |
backoffThe retransmission delay enforced when
a collision occurs. | |
bandwidthThe difference between the highest and
lowest frequencies available for network signals. The term is also
used to describe the rated throughput capacity of a given network
medium or protocol. | |
bandwidth reservationProcess of assigning bandwidth to users
and applications served by a network. Involves ssigning priority to
different flows of traffic based on how critical and delay-sensitive
they are. This makes the best use of available bandwidth, and if the
network becomes congested, lower-priority traffic can be dropped.
Sometimes called bandwidth allocation. | |
basebandCharacteristic of a network technology
where only one carrier frequency is used. Ethernet is an example of
a baseband network. Also called narrowband. Contrast with broadband. | |
baudUnit of signaling speed equal to the
number of discrete signal elements transmitted per second. Baud is
synonymous with bits per second (bps), if each signal element
represents exactly 1 bit. | |
beaconFrame from a Token Ring or FDDI device
indicating a serious problem with the ring, such as a broken cable.
A beacon frame contains the address of the station assumed to be
down. | |
BGPBorder Gateway Protocol.
Interdomain routing protocol that replaces EGP. BGP exchanges
reachability information with other BGP systems. It is defined by
RFC 1163. | |
BGP4BGP Version 4.
Version 4 of the predominant interdomain routing protocol used on
the Internet. BGP4 supports CIDR and uses route aggregation
mechanisms to reduce the size of routing tables. | |
bitBinary digit used in the binary
numbering system. Can be 0 or 1. |
bit rateSpeed at which bits are transmitted,
usually expressed in bits per second (bps). | |